Introduction: The Rheumatic Fever (RF) is a systemic inflammatory disease,\ncaused by Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, predominating in children\nand adolescents. The clinical manifestations are varied and included in Jones\nCriteria for diagnosis. The cardiac manifestations are the most relevant, causing\nsevere sequelae such as valvulitis. The RF is still a major public health problem in\ndeveloping countries despite its primary prophylaxis being simple and effective\nif well applied. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the number\nof hospital admissions and deaths in Brazil from 2008 to 2018. Methodology:\nCross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative, documentary study with database\nprovided by the Health Informatics Department of the Brazilian Ministry of\nHealth (DATASUS). Results: In the studied period, a higher prevalence was\nobserved among females (48,232 hospitalizations) and in the adult age group\n(59,270 hospitalizations and 3972 deaths). The total number of hospitalizations\nwas 83,209 and the total number of deaths was 6572. The total mortality\nrate was 7.84. The region with the highest number of hospitalizations was the\nSoutheast (22,863 hospitalizations). The total amount spent in hospitalizations\nwas R$879,676,458.63, with an average value per hospitalization of\nR$ 10,496.21. The average length of stay was 12.7 days. Conclusion: Rheumatic\nheart disease is an important cause of hospitalizations in Brazil. Measures\nof early diagnosis and adequate treatment should be strongly stimulated.
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